Delusion of Exceptionalism
by Paul Campos,Professor of law at the University of Colorado
The Nationalism Delusion
Nationalism is perhaps the most interesting delusion of modern times. Its power is illustrated by the fact that lots of otherwise sensible people are unapologetic nationalists, even though nationalism requires its adherents to subscribe to various bizarre beliefs.
For example, the nationalist believes that while other nations act invariably on the basis of self-interest, his country is historically unique, in that it makes great sacrifices for the good of others. This thesis has been put forth with complete seriousness by many a well-credentialed supporter of the Iraq war, such as the historian Francis Fukuyama, who argues that the invasion of that country represented a kind of “virtuous imperialism.”
Regrets, I've had a few
Fukuyama’s main regret about the invasion is that the unpleasant consequences of the occupation (such as the deaths of between 1 and 5 percent of Iraq’s population and the transformation of a significant minority of the rest into refugees) might deter similarly “idealistic” efforts to use American military force to advance democracy and human rights.
Fukuyama is a neo-conservative, so his surreal interpretation of events comes as no surprise. But his view is shared by legions of liberal hawks, who five years ago lined up behind President Bush’s proposed invasion like so many well-trained parrots, thus providing crucial political cover for the extraordinary decision to invade a nation that no rational person believed posed a real threat to the United States.
Naive Compulsion to do good
Consider the words of The Washington Post’s Richard Cohen: “The Iraq war is not the product of oil avarice, or CIA evil, but of a surfeit of altruism, a naive compulsion to do good. That entire collection of neo- and retro-conservatives - George W. Bush, Dick Cheney, Donald Rumsfeld and particularly Paul Wolfowitz - made war not for oil or for empire. This is why so many liberals, myself included, originally supported the war. It engaged us emotionally. It seemed . . . well, right - a just cause.”
The irony is that Cohen is on one level correct. I have no doubt that both the neo-cons and their liberal hawk enablers believe that their devotion to neo-imperialism is based not on the crass considerations that have always driven international politics, i.e., power and money, but on a virtuous urge to use whatever means were necessary to bring what Mark Twain referred to as The Person Sitting in Darkness into the light of freedom, democracy, etc., etc.
A Touching Faith
That every imperial power since the dawn of time has claimed exactly the same thing has not the slightest effect on this touching faith in the purity of our own motives.
Similarly, it never gives the nationalist pause that he would burst into incredulous laughter if he were to hear a citizen of any other country make such claims.
The American nationalist believes that, in the words of Michael Cohen of the “liberal” blog Democracy Arsenal, America is “inherently good,” and that therefore our imperialist adventures have nothing in common with those of other great powers.
Try this thought experiment: Imagine Nicolas Sarkozy defending French foreign policy by pointing out that France is “inherently good,” or Vladimir Putin claiming the right to imprison suspected terrorists for life without trial, because the Russian security forces can be trusted not to make mistakes.
But we're Special !
Yet when similarly absurd nonsense is spouted by apologists for “American exceptionalism” - basically, the doctrine that the rules don’t apply to us, because we’re special - it’s treated with the utmost respect by supposedly serious people.
In short, when a political leader claims he is the head of a unique nation, anointed by history or even God himself to be a light unto the world, we tend to consider him either an amusing crank or a dangerous lunatic.
Unless that leader happens to an American president - then he’s merely stating a self-evident truth.